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الْمُقَدِّمُ
AL-MUQADDIM
(The Expediting One)
The Expediter, The Promoter, The One who puts things in their right places.
Allah is Al-Muqaddim, The One who promotes or brings forward. This include promoting his servants to higher ranks providing rich rewards.
Mentions From The Quran & Hadith
From the root q-d-m which has the following classical Arabic connotations: to precede, to come before to head, to lead to offer, to bring forward to make foremost, to put at the front to advance, to promote to exist without beginning
And if Allah were to impose blame on the people for their wrongdoing, He would not have left upon the earth any creature, but He defers them for a specified term. And when their term has come, they will not remain behind an hour, nor will they precede [it]. (Quran 16:61)
وَلَوْ يُؤَاخِذُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ بِظُلْمِهِم مَّا تَرَكَ عَلَيْهَا مِن دَابَّةٍ وَلَٰكِن يُؤَخِّرُهُمْ إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى ۖ فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ لَا يَسْتَأْخِرُونَ سَاعَةً ۖ وَلَا يَسْتَقْدِمُونَ ﴿٦١﴾
Ali (r) reported that when the Prophet (s) prayed, the last thing he would say between the tashahud and the tasleem was, “O Allah, forgive my past and later sins, what was in private and what was in public, and what I have been extravagant in. You are more knowledgeable of it than I. You are the Promoter and the Retarder. There is no god except You.” (Related by Muslim.)
Do they distribute the mercy of your Lord? It is We who have apportioned among them their livelihood in the life of this world and have raised some of them above others in degrees [of rank] that they may make use of one another for service. But the mercy of your Lord is better than whatever they accumulate. (Quran 43:32)
أَهُمْ يَقْسِمُونَ رَحْمَتَ رَبِّكَ ۚ نَحْنُ قَسَمْنَا بَيْنَهُم مَّعِيشَتَهُمْ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا ۚ وَرَفَعْنَا بَعْضَهُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ دَرَجَاتٍ لِّيَتَّخِذَ بَعْضُهُم بَعْضًا سُخْرِيًّا ۗ وَرَحْمَتُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ مِّمَّا يَجْمَعُونَ ﴿٣٢﴾
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الْمُؤَخِّرُ
AL-MU’AKHKHIR
The Delayer, The One who puts things in their right places. He makes ahead what He wills and delays what He wills.
Allah is Al-Mu’akhkhir, The One who delays or holds back. By his will, he can detain unbelievers on the day of judgement and hold them back.
Mentions From The Quran & Hadith
From the root a-kh-r which has the following classical Arabic connotations: to cause to go back, backwards, retreat, recede to retire, to drive back to put behind or after to cause to remain behind, hang back, lag behind to postpone, put off, delay, retard
Allah will forgive you of your sins and delay you for a specified term. Indeed, the time [set by] Allah, when it comes, will not be delayed, if you only knew.’ (Quran 71:4)
يَغْفِرْ لَكُم مِّن ذُنُوبِكُمْ وَيُؤَخِّرْكُمْ إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى ۚ إِنَّ أَجَلَ اللَّهِ إِذَا جَاءَ لَا يُؤَخَّرُ ۖ لَوْ كُنتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿٤﴾
So the shriek seized them in truth, and We made them as [plant] stubble. Then away with the wrongdoing people. (Quran 23:41)
فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ الصَّيْحَةُ بِالْحَقِّ فَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ غُثَاءً ۚ فَبُعْدًا لِّلْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ ﴿٤١﴾
And as for those who disbelieve, there is heaviness (deafness) in their ears, and it (the Quran) is blindness for them. They are those who are called from a place far away (so they neither listen nor understand) (Quran 41:44)
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الأوَّلُ
AL-AWWAL
(The Very First)
The First, The One whose Existence is without a beginning.
Allah is Al-Awwal, He is The One whose existence is without beginning. He is truly the first and nothing was before Him.
Mentions From The Quran & Hadith
From the root a-w-l which has the following classical Arabic connotations: to be first, principle, to be before to come back to, to return to precede, to be the first part to be foremost
He is the First and the Last, the Ascendant and the Intimate, and He is, of all things, Knowing. (Quran 57:3)
هُوَ الْأَوَّلُ وَالْآخِرُ وَالظَّاهِرُ وَالْبَاطِنُ ۖ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ ﴿٣﴾
And they urge you to hasten the punishment. But Allah will never fail in His promise. And indeed, a day with your Lord is like a thousand years of those which you count. (Quran 22:47)
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الآخِرُ
AL-AKHIR
(The Infinite Last One)
The Last, The One whose Existence is without an end.
Allah is Al-Akhir, The One who’s existence will extend past the end of this universe. He will be the last just as he was the first.
Mentions From The Quran & Hadith
From the root a-kh-r which has the following classical Arabic connotations: to put back, to put behind, to be latter to postpone, to put at the end to be last, final, ultimate.
He is the First and the Last, the Ascendant and the Intimate, and He is, of all things, Knowing. (Quran 57:3)
هُوَ الْأَوَّلُ وَالْآخِرُ وَالظَّاهِرُ وَالْبَاطِنُ ۖ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ ﴿٣﴾
Related Passage about the day of judgement from Quran:
But man, desires to continue in sin. He asks, “When is the Day of Resurrection?” So, when vision is dazzled And the moon darkens And the sun and the moon are joined, Man will say on that Day, “Where is the [place of] escape?” No! There is no refuge. To your Lord, that Day, is the [place of] permanence. Man will be informed that Day of what he sent ahead and kept back. Rather, man, against himself, will be a witness, Even if he presents his excuses. (Quran 75:5-15)
بَلْ يُرِيدُ الْإِنسَانُ لِيَفْجُرَ أَمَامَهُ ﴿٥﴾ يَسْأَلُ أَيَّانَ يَوْمُ الْقِيَامَةِ ﴿٦﴾ فَإِذَا بَرِقَ الْبَصَرُ ﴿٧﴾ وَخَسَفَ الْقَمَرُ ﴿٨﴾ وَجُمِعَ الشَّمْسُ وَالْقَمَرُ ﴿٩﴾ يَقُولُ الْإِنسَانُ يَوْمَئِذٍ أَيْنَ الْمَفَرُّ ﴿١٠﴾ كَلَّا لَا وَزَرَ ﴿١١﴾ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ يَوْمَئِذٍ الْمُسْتَقَرُّ ﴿١٢﴾ يُنَبَّأُ الْإِنسَانُ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِمَا قَدَّمَ وَأَخَّرَ ﴿١٣﴾ بَلِ الْإِنسَانُ عَلَىٰ نَفْسِهِ بَصِيرَةٌ ﴿١٤﴾ وَلَوْ أَلْقَىٰ مَعَاذِيرَهُ ﴿١٥﴾
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الظَّاهِرُ
AZ-ZAAHIR
(The Perceptible)
The Manifest, The Conspicuous, The Evident
Allah is Az-Zaahir, The One who is evident and conspicuous. He made himself evident without being visible. The very essence and attributes are shown through all his creation.
Mentions From The Quran & Hadith
From the root z-h-r which has the following classical Arabic connotations: to be visible, manifest, obvious, clear, distinct to open, to come out, to cause to appear after being concealed to be conspicuous, distinct to ascend, mount, have higher status to have the upper hand, subdue, overcome to endorse, help, aid, support others, render superior
He is the First and the Last, the Ascendant and the Intimate, and He is, of all things, Knowing. (Quran 57:3)
هُوَ الْأَوَّلُ وَالْآخِرُ وَالظَّاهِرُ وَالْبَاطِنُ ۖ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ ﴿٣﴾
We will show them Our signs in the horizons and within themselves until it becomes clear to them that it is the truth. But is it not sufficient concerning your Lord that He is, over all things, a Witness? (Quran 41:53)
سَنُرِيهِمْ آيَاتِنَا فِي الْآفَاقِ وَفِي أَنفُسِهِمْ حَتَّىٰ يَتَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُ الْحَقُّ ۗ أَوَلَمْ يَكْفِ بِرَبِّكَ أَنَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ ﴿٥٣﴾
It is He who has sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth to manifest it over all religion, although they who associate others with Allah dislike it. (Quran 9:33)
هُوَ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ رَسُولَهُ بِالْهُدَىٰ وَدِينِ الْحَقِّ لِيُظْهِرَهُ عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ ﴿٣٣﴾ ۞
الْبَاطِنُ
AL-BAATIN
(The Imperceptible)
The Hidden, The Secret One, The Inner One, The Knower of Hidden Things
Allah is Al-Baatin, or The One who is hidden or secret. Allah is unseen but his existence is known through signs. Allah immanent operating within all of creation. The one who is the secret inner companion.
Mentions From The Quran & Hadith
From the root b-t-n which has the following classical Arabic connotations: to be concealed, to lie hidden to penetrate, to be inside.
He is the First and the Last, the Ascendant and the Intimate, and He is, of all things, Knowing. (Quran 57:3)
هُوَ الْأَوَّلُ وَالْآخِرُ وَالظَّاهِرُ وَالْبَاطِنُ ۖ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ ﴿٣﴾
[He is] Knower of the unseen, and He does not disclose His [knowledge of the] unseen to anyone Except whom He has approved of messengers, and indeed, He sends before each messenger and behind him observers (Quran 72:26-27)
عَالِمُ الْغَيْبِ فَلَا يُظْهِرُ عَلَىٰ غَيْبِهِ أَحَدًا ﴿٢٦﴾
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